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Chloramphenicol

Zhishang Bio Chloramphenicol CAS 56-75-7

CAS:56-75-7 | C11H12Cl2N2O5 |MW:323.13 | EINECS NO:200-287-4

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Chloramphenicol
Chloramphenicol
Chloramphenicol

Describe

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, chemically named 2,2-dichloro-N – [(1R, 2R) -2-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl) -2- (4-nitrophenyl) ethyl] acetamide, with a molecular formula of C ₁ H ₁ Cl ₂ N ₂ O ₅ and a molecular weight of 323.13 g/mol.


Basic physical properties of Chloramphenicol
Appearance: Chloramphenicol is a white to slightly yellow needle shaped crystal or crystalline powder with an extremely bitter taste.
Melting point: about 150-153 ℃.
Solubility: Chloramphenicol is slightly soluble in water (2.5 mg/mL), easily soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and acetone, and almost insoluble in ether.
Optical activity: It has optical activity and is usually used in its medicinal form as a left-handed isomer (D – (-) – isomer).


Chemical properties of Chloramphenicol
Acidity and alkalinity: Neutral compounds, the nitro and amide groups in Chloramphenicol molecules affect their chemical stability.
Stability: Stable in a dry state, but prone to hydrolysis and failure under alkaline or strongly acidic conditions. Water solution is sensitive to light and needs to be stored away from light.
Structural characteristics: Chloramphenicol contains a nitrobenzene ring, dichloroacetyl group, and propylene glycol structure, which enables it to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis.

Product Name:Chloramphenicol
brandChinalookchemical
CAS:56-75-7
MF:C11H12Cl2N2O5
MW:323.13
EINECS:200-287-4
Product Categories:Pyridines;Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients;Antibiotics for Research and Experimental Use;Biochemistry;
Mol File:56-75-7.mol
Chloramphenicol Chemical Properties
Melting point 148-150 °C(lit.)
alpha 19.5 º (c=6, EtOH)
Boiling point 644.9±55.0 °C(Predicted)
density 1.6682 (rough estimate)
refractive index 20 ° (C=5, EtOH)
Fp 14 °C
storage temp. Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,2-8°C
solubility absolute ethanol: soluble5-20mg/mL (as a stock solution)
pka11.03±0.46(Predicted)
form powder
color white
Water Solubility 2.5 g/L (25 º C)
Merck 14,2077
BRN 2225532
BCS Class3
InChIKeyWIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N
LogP1.140
CAS DataBase Reference56-75-7(CAS DataBase Reference)

Application

Chloramphenicol is lipophilic and can inhibit the formation of peptide chains, thereby preventing protein synthesis. Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic agent that exhibits bactericidal effects at high concentrations or when applied to bacteria that are highly sensitive to this product. Chloramphenicol is suitable for systemic use in typhoid, paratyphoid, and other Salmonella and Bacteroidetes fragilis infections.

Chloramphenicol is the preferred medication for typhoid and paratyphoid fever, and can be used for typhoid and Salmonella infections.

2. Chloramphenicol is used for ampicillin resistant type B influenza bacterial meningitis or for pneumococcal, meningococcal meningitis, and sensitive gram-negative bacterial meningitis in patients allergic to penicillin.

3. Chloramphenicol is used for otogenic brain abscess caused by mixed infection of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.

4. Severe anaerobic bacterial infections, such as fragile rod-shaped infections.

5. Chloramphenicol can be used in combination with aminoglycoside drugs to treat various infections caused by sensitive bacteria and other microorganisms, such as sepsis and lung infections caused by influenza bacilli, Salmonella, and other gram-negative bacilli.

6. Chloramphenicol is used topically to treat superficial infections of the eyes and ears caused by Escherichia coli, influenza bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes.

7. Chloramphenicol is also effective against rickettsia, mycoplasma, and other infections.

Chloramphenicol is ineffective against infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

9. Chloramphenicol eye drops are used to treat eye infections caused by sensitive bacteria, such as trachoma, conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, etc.

10. Chloramphenicol topical ear drops can be used to treat otitis media caused by sensitive bacterial infections, acute and chronic otitis media. This medication ear plug can also be used for otitis media and patients with purulent discharge after mastectomy.

Related References

Manufacturer of Chloramphenicol

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