Oxaliplatin (CAS 61825-94-3): A Comprehensive Product Introduction
Oxaliplatin, with the CAS number 61825-94-3, is a significant and widely – studied pharmaceutical compound. It belongs to the family of platinum – based antineoplastic agents. In the medical field, Oxaliplatin has shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of various types of cancers. This article will provide an in – depth introduction to Oxaliplatin, including its properties, uses, applications in different fields, and preparation methods.
Properties of Oxaliplatin
Oxaliplatin has a chemical formula of C₈H₁₄N₂O₄Pt. It is a white to off – white crystalline powder. The compound has a molecular weight of approximately 397.29 g/mol. Oxaliplatin is sparingly soluble in water and ethanol, but it can form stable complexes with certain solvents under specific conditions. Its melting point is around 178 – 182 °C. The stability of Oxaliplatin is influenced by factors such as temperature, pH, and the presence of other chemicals. In an acidic environment, it may undergo hydrolysis reactions, which can affect its pharmacological activity. At room temperature, it should be stored in a dry and dark place to maintain its stability.
Uses of Oxaliplatin
The primary use of Oxaliplatin is in the field of oncology. It is a key component in the treatment of colorectal cancer. When used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents such as fluorouracil and leucovorin, Oxaliplatin can significantly improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. The mechanism of action of Oxaliplatin involves binding to the DNA of cancer cells. It forms cross – links between the DNA strands, preventing DNA replication and transcription. This ultimately leads to the death of cancer cells. Moreover, Oxaliplatin has shown activity against other types of cancers, including gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. In clinical trials, it has been used as a first – line or second – line treatment option, depending on the specific situation of the patients.
Applications in Different Fields
Medical Field
In addition to colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers, Oxaliplatin is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Some pre – clinical studies have shown that Oxaliplatin can inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in animal models. In the field of pediatric oncology, Oxaliplatin is being considered as a treatment option for certain types of childhood cancers. Its relatively low neurotoxicity compared to other platinum – based drugs makes it an attractive candidate for pediatric patients.
Research Field
Oxaliplatin is a valuable tool in cancer research. Scientists use it to study the mechanisms of cancer cell growth, apoptosis, and drug resistance. By exposing cancer cells to Oxaliplatin in the laboratory, researchers can observe how the cells respond at the molecular and cellular levels. This can help in the development of new treatment strategies and the discovery of novel drug targets. Oxaliplatin is also used in combination with other experimental drugs to evaluate their synergistic effects.
Pharmaceutical Industry
In the pharmaceutical industry, Oxaliplatin is used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for the production of various anticancer drugs. Pharmaceutical companies are constantly working on improving the formulation of Oxaliplatin – containing drugs to enhance their bioavailability and reduce side effects. For example, liposomal formulations of Oxaliplatin are being developed to improve its targeting ability and reduce systemic toxicity.
Preparation Methods of Oxaliplatin
Traditional Method
The traditional preparation of Oxaliplatin involves several steps. First, potassium tetrachloroplatinate (K₂PtCl₄) is reacted with 1,2 – diaminocyclohexane (DACH) in an aqueous solution. This reaction forms a platinum – DACH complex. The reaction conditions, such as temperature, pH, and reaction time, need to be carefully controlled to ensure a high yield of the desired complex. After the formation of the platinum – DACH complex, it is further reacted with oxalic acid or its derivatives. This step results in the formation of Oxaliplatin. Purification steps, such as recrystallization, are then carried out to obtain pure Oxaliplatin.
Improved Synthetic Routes
In recent years, there have been efforts to develop improved synthetic routes for Oxaliplatin. Some methods involve the use of novel catalysts or reaction solvents to increase the reaction efficiency and reduce the production of impurities. For example, the use of microwave – assisted synthesis has been reported to significantly shorten the reaction time and improve the yield of Oxaliplatin. Another approach is the use of green chemistry principles, where environmentally friendly solvents and reagents are used in the synthesis process.